Mentalidad de crecimiento y yo ideal en L2 como predictores del compromiso estudiantil en estudiantes de inglés como lengua extranjera: El rol mediador de la perseverancia en L2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30827/portalin.viIX.29899Palabras clave:
Estudiantes de EFL, Perseverancia, Mentalidad de crecimiento, Yo ideal en L2, Compromiso estudiantilResumen
Esta investigación indaga en las dinámicas de la mentalidad de crecimiento, el yo ideal en L2, la perseverancia y el compromiso estudiantil utilizando instrumentos de recolección de datos bien establecidos en el contexto del aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera (EFL). Una muestra de 379 participantes provenientes de diversos institutos de idiomas en Irán proporcionó la base empírica para este estudio. Empleando modelado de ecuaciones estructurales y escalas validadas para cada constructo, el estudio revela un modelo parcialmente mediado, iluminando las relaciones intrincadas entre estos factores clave. Los hallazgos muestran que tanto el yo ideal en L2 como la mentalidad de crecimiento ejercen una influencia significativa en el compromiso estudiantil, siendo la perseverancia un mediador parcial crucial en estas asociaciones. Además, la mentalidad de crecimiento demuestra un notable efecto indirecto en el compromiso estudiantil, principalmente mediado por la perseverancia. El estudio no solo avanza en nuestra comprensión de los impulsores motivacionales en el aprendizaje de EFL, sino que también ofrece ideas prácticas para educadores y diseñadores de currículo que buscan fortalecer el compromiso estudiantil y la perseverancia en entornos de aprendizaje de idiomas.
Descargas
Citas
Alamer, A. (2021). Grit and language learning: Construct validation of L2-grit scale and its relation to later vocabulary knowledge. Educational Psychology, 41(5), 544–562. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2020.1867076
Al-Hoorie, A. H. (2018). The L2 motivational self system: A meta-analysis. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 8(4), 721–754. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2018.8.4.2
Al-Obaydi, L. H., Shakki, F., Tawafak, R. M., Pikhart, M., & Ugla, R. L. (2023). What I know, what I want to know, what I learned: Activating EFL college students’ cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement through structured feedback in an online environment. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. 1083673. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1083673
Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411
Changlek, A., & Palanukulwong, T. (2015). Motivation and grit: Predictors of language learning achievement. Veridian E-Journal, Silpakorn University (Humanities, Social Sciences and Arts), 8(4), 23–36.
Csizér, K. (2020). The L2 Motivational Self System. In M. Lamb, K. Csizér, A. Henry, & S. Ryan (Eds.), Palgrave Macmillan handbook of motivation for language learning (pp. 71–93). Palgrave.
Derakhshan, A., Dewaele, J. M., & Azari Noughabi, M. (2022). Modeling the contribution of resilience, well-being, and L2 grit to foreign language teaching enjoyment among Iranian English language teachers. System, 109, 102890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2022.102890
Derakhshan, A., & Fathi, J. (2023). Grit and foreign language enjoyment as predictors of EFL learners’ online engagement: The mediating role of online learning self‑efficacy. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-023-00745-x
Derakhshan, A., Fathi, J., & Nourzadeh, S. (2022). Testing a model of WTC based on Ideal L2 Self and grit among Learners of Persian as a Foreign Language. Journal of Teaching Persian to Speakers of Other Languages, 11(1), 29–50. https://doi.org/10.30479/JTPSOL.2022.16425.1561
Derakhshan, A., Fathi, J., Pawlak, M., & Kruk, M. (2022). Classroom social climate, growth language mindset, and student engagement: The mediating role of boredom in learning English as a foreign language. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2022.2099407
Derakhshan, A., Kruk, M., Mehdizadeh, M., & Pawlak, M. (2021). Boredom in online classes in the Iranian EFL context: Sources and solutions. System, 101, 102556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2021.102556
Derakhshan, A., Solhi, M., & Azari Noughabi, M. (2023). An investigation into the association between student-perceived affective teacher variables and students’ L2-grit. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2023.2212644
Derakhshan, A., Wang, Y., & Ghiasvand, F. (2023). “I never make a permanent decision based on a temporary emotion”: Unveiling EFL teachers’ perspectives about emotions in assessment. Applied Linguistics Review. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2023-0089
Dörnyei, Z. (2009). The L2 motivational self system. In Z. Dörnyei & E. Ushioda (Eds.), Motivation, language identity and the L2 self (pp. 9–42). Clevedon.
Dörnyei, Z. (2019a). Task motivation: What makes an L2 task engaging? In Researching L2 Task Performance and Pedagogy. In Z. Wen & M. Javad (Eds.), Honour of Peter Skehan (pp. 53–66). John Benjamins.
Dörnyei, Z. (2019b). Towards a better understanding of the L2 learning experience, the Cinderella of the L2 motivational self system. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 9(1), 19-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2019.9.1.2
Duckworth, A. L., Peterson, C., Matthews, M. D., & Kelly, D. R. (2007). Grit: perseverance and passion for long-term goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(6), 1087. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087
Duckworth, A. L., Quinn, P. D., & Tsukayama, E. (2021). Revisiting the factor structure of grit: A commentary on Duckworth and Quinn (2009). Journal of Personality Assessment, 103(5), 573–575. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2021.1942022
Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random house.
Dweck, C. S. (2013). Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development. Psychology Press.
Dweck, C. (2017). Mindset-updated edition: Changing the way you think to fulfil your potential. Hachette UK.
Dweck, C. S., & Yeager, D. S. (2019). Mindsets: A view from two eras. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14(3), 481–496. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691618804166
Fan, Y., & Xu, J. (2020). Exploring student engagement with peer feedback on L2 writing. Journal of Second Language Writing, 50, 100775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2020.100775
Fathi, J., & Hejazi, S. Y. (2023). Ideal L2 self and foreign language achievement: The mediating roles of L2 grit and foreign language enjoyment. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05187-8
Fathi, J., & Mohammaddokht, F. (2021). Foreign language enjoyment and anxiety as the correlates of the ideal L2 self in the English as a foreign language context. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 790648. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.790648
Fathi, J., Pawlak, M., Mehraein, S., Hosseini, H. M., & Derakhshesh, A. (2023). Foreign language enjoyment, ideal L2 self, and intercultural communicative competence as predictors of willingness to communicate among EFL learners. System, 115, 103067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2023.103067
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
Fredricks, J. A., & McColskey, W. (2012). The measurement of student engagement: A comparative analysis of various methods and student self-report instruments. In S. L. Christenson, A. L. Reschly, & C. Wylie (Eds.), Handbook of research on student engagement (pp. 763–782). Springer.
Fredricks, J. A., Reschly, A. L., & Christenson, S. L. (2019). Interventions for student engagement: Overview and state of the field. In J. A. Fredricks, A. L. Reschly, & S. L. Christenson (Eds.), Handbook of student engagement interventions (pp. 1–11). Academic Press.
Henry, A., & Thorsen, C. (2020). Disaffection and agentic engagement: ‘Redesigning’activities to enable authentic self-expression. Language Teaching Research, 24(4), 456–475.
Higgins, E. T. (1987). Self-discrepancy: A theory relating self and affect. Psychological Review, 94(3), 319. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.94.3.319
Higgins, E. T. (1989). Self-discrepancy theory: What patterns of self-beliefs cause people to suffer?. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 93–136). Academic Press.
Hiver, P., Al-Hoorie, A. H., Vitta, J. P., & Wu, J. (2021). Engagement in language learning: A systematic review of 20 years of research methods and definitions. Language Teaching Research, 13621688211001289. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688211001289
Hodge, B., Wright, B., & Bennett, P. (2018). The role of grit in determining engagement and academic outcomes for university students. Research in Higher Education, 59, 448–460.
Hu, X., Sidhu, G. K., & Lu, X. (2022). Relationship between growth mindset and English language performance among Chinese EFL University students: The mediating roles of grit and foreign language enjoyment. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 935506. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.935506
Keegan, K. (2017). Identifying and building grit in language learners. In English Teaching Forum (Vol. 55, No. 3, pp. 2-9). US Department of State. Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, Office of English Language Programs, SA-5, 2200 C Street NW 4th Floor, Washington, DC 20037.
Kim, T. Y., & Kim, Y. K. (2014). A structural model for perceptual learning styles, the ideal L2 self, motivated behavior, and English proficiency. System, 46, 14–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2014.07.007
Kline, R. B. (2023). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Guilford Publications.
Kroeper, K. M., Muenks, K., Canning, E. A., & Murphy, M. C. (2022). An exploratory study of the behaviors that communicate perceived instructor mindset beliefs in college STEM classrooms. Teaching and Teacher Education, 114, 103717.
LaCosse, J., Murphy, M. C., Garcia, J. A., & Zirkel, S. (2021). The role of STEM professors’ mindset beliefs on students’ anticipated psychological experiences and course interest. Journal of Educational Psychology, 113(5), 949. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000620
Lake, J. (2013). Positive L2 self: Linking positive psychology with L2 motivation. In M. T. Apple, D. Da Silva, & T. Fellner (Eds.), Language learning motivation in Japan (Second Language Acquisition) (pp. 225–244). Multilingual Matters.
Lamb, M. (2012). A self system perspective on young adolescents’ motivation to learn English in urban and rural settings. Language Learning, 62(4), 997–1023. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2012.00719.x
Lan, G., Nikitina, L., & Woo, W. S. (2021). Ideal L2 self and willingness to communicate: A moderated mediation model of shyness and grit. System, 99, 102503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2021.102503
Lan, G., Zhao, X., & Gong, M. (2023). Motivational intensity and willingness to communicate in L2 learning: A moderated mediation model of enjoyment, boredom, and shyness. System, 117, 103116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2023.103116
Lei, H., Cui, Y., & Zhou, W. (2018). Relationships between student engagement and academic achievement: A meta-analysis. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 46(3), 517–528. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.7054
Li, J., Zhao, Y., Kong, F., Du, S., Yang, S., & Wang, S. (2018). Psychometric assessment of the short grit scale among Chinese adolescents. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 36(3), 291–296. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282916674858
Liu, E., Wang, J., & Bai, S. (2022). Self-guides, enjoyment, gender, and achievement: a survey of Chinese EFL high school students. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2022.2153854
Lou, N. M., & Li, L. M. W. (2017). Interpersonal relationship mindsets and rejection sensitivity across cultures: The role of relational mobility. Personality and Individual Differences, 108, 200–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.004
Lou, N. M., Chaffee, K. E., & Noels, K. A. (2022). Growth, fixed, and mixed mindsets: Mindset system profiles in foreign language learners and their role in engagement and achievement. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 44(3), 607–632.
Lou, N. M., & Noels, K. A. (2017). Measuring language mindsets and modeling their relations with goal orientations and emotional and behavioral responses in failure situations. The Modern Language Journal, 101(1), 214–243. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12380
Magid, M., & Chan, L. (2012). Motivating English learners by helping them visualise their Ideal L2 Self: Lessons from two motivational programmes. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 6(2), 113–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2011.614693
Marsh, H. W., Hau, K. T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler's (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11(3), 320–341. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1103_2
McKellar, S. E., Cortina, K. S., & Ryan, A. M. (2020). Teaching practices and student engagement in early adolescence: A longitudinal study using the Classroom Assessment Scoring System. Teaching and Teacher Education, 89, 102936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2019.102936
Mercer, S. (2019). Language learner engagement: Setting the scene. In X. Gao (Ed.), Second Handbook of English Language Teaching (pp. 1–19). Springer International Publishing.
Mercer, S., & Dörnyei, Z. (2020). Engaging language learners in contemporary classrooms. Cambridge University Press.
Mohammad Hosseini, H., Derakhshesh, A., Fathi, J., & Mehraein, S. (2023). Examining the relationships between mindfulness, grit, academic buoyancy and boredom among EFL learners. Social Psychology of Education. ttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-023-09860-5
Mohammad Hosseini, H., Fathi, J., Derakhshesh, A., & Mehraein, S. (2022). A model of classroom social climate, foreign language enjoyment, and student engagement among English as a foreign language learners. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 933842. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.933842
Mystkowska-Wiertelak, A. (2022). Teachers’ accounts of learners’ engagement and disaffection in the language classroom. The Language Learning Journal, 50(3), 393–405. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2020.1800067
Norman, C. C., & Aron, A. (2003). Aspects of possible self that predict motivation to achieve or avoid it. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39(5), 500–507. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2012.00719.x
Newmann, F., Wehlage, G.G., & Lamborn, S. D. (1992). The significance and sources of student engagement. In F. Newmann (Ed.), Student engagement and achievement in American secondary schools (pp. 11–39). Teachers College Press.
Oga-Baldwin, W. Q. (2019). Acting, thinking, feeling, making, collaborating: The engagement process in foreign language learning. System, 86, 102128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2019.102128
Pan, Z. (2022). L2 grit and foreign language enjoyment: Arguments in light of control-value theory and its methodological compatibility. Language Related Research, 13(5), 325–357. https://doi.org/10.52547/LRR.13.5.13
Pan, Z., Wang Y., & Derakhshan A. (2023). Unpacking Chinese EFL students’ academic engagement and psychological well-being: The roles of language teachers’ affective scaffolding. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10936-023-09974-z
Papi, M., & Abdollahzadeh, E. (2012). Teacher motivational practice, student motivation, and possible L2 selves: An examination in the Iranian EFL context. Language Learning, 62(2), 571–594. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2011.00632.x
Papi, M., Rios, A., Pelt, H., & Ozdemir, E. (2019). Feedback‐seeking behavior in language learning: Basic components and motivational antecedents. The Modern Language Journal, 103(1), 205–226. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12538
Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986). Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12(4), 531–544. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920638601200408
Reeve, J. (2013). How students create motivationally supportive learning environments for themselves: The concept of agentic engagement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 105(3), 579.
Reeve, J., Cheon, S. H., & Jang, H. (2020). How and why students make academic progress: Reconceptualizing the student engagement construct to increase its explanatory power. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 62, 101899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101899
Reeve, J., & Tseng, C. M. (2011). Agency as a fourth aspect of students’ engagement during learning activities. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 36(4), 257–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2011.05.002
Reinders, H., & Nakamura, S. (2022). Engagement. In T. Gregersen & S. Mercer (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of the psychology of language learning and teaching (pp. 137–148). Routledge.
Sadoughi, M., Hejazi, S. Y., & Lou, N. M. (2023). How do growth mindsets contribute to academic engagement in L2 classes? The mediating and moderating roles of the L2 motivational self system. Social Psychology of Education, 26(1), 241–261.
Shakki, F. (2022). Iranian EFL students’ L2 engagement: The impact of teacher support and teacher-student rapport. Language Related Research, 13(3), 175–198. http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/LRR.13.3.8
Shakki, F. (2023). Investigating the relationship between EFL learners’ engagement and their achievement emotions. Porta Linguarum An International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Learning, 40(2), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.30827/portalin.vi40.27338
Skinner, E. A., & Pitzer, J. R. (2012). Developmental dynamics of student engagement, coping, and everyday resilience. In Handbook of research on student engagement (pp. 21–44). Springer.
Skinner, E. A., Kindermann, T. A., & Furrer, C. J. (2009). A motivational perspective on engagement and disaffection: Conceptualization and assessment of children's behavioral and emotional participation in academic activities in the classroom. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 69(3), 493–525. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164408323233
Solhi, M., Derakhshan, A., & Ünsal, B. (2023). Associations between EFL students’ L2 grit, boredom coping strategies, and emotion regulation strategies: A structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2023.2175834
Straub, D., Boudreau, M.-C., & Gefen, D. (2004). Validation guidelines for IS positivist research. The Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 13(1), 63.
Sudina, E., & Plonsky, L. (2021). Language learning grit, achievement, and anxiety among L2 and L3 learners in Russia. ITL-International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 172(2), 161–198. https://doi.org/10.1075/itl.20001.sud
Teimouri, Y., Plonsky, L., & Tabandeh, F. (2022). L2 grit: Passion and perseverance for second-language learning. Language Teaching Research, 26(5), 893–918. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820921895
Teimouri, Y., Sudina, E., & Plonsky, L. (2021). On domain-specific conceptualization and measurement of grit in L2 learning. Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning, 3(2), 156–165.
Ueki, M., & Takeuchi, O. (2013). Forming a clearer image of the ideal L2 self: The L2 motivational self system and learner autonomy in a Japanese EFL context. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 7(3), 238–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2013.836205
Ushioda, E., & Dörnyei, Z. (2009). Motivation, language identities and the L2 self: A theoretical overview. In E. Ushioda & Z. Dörnyei (Eds.), Motivation, language identity and the L2 self (pp. 1–8). Multilingual Matters.
Wang, X. (2023). A conceptual review on EFL teachers’ motivation and engagement in flipped classrooms: A social networking platform. Language Related Research, 14(3), 239–264. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/LRR.14.3.10
Wolters, C. A., & Hussain, M. (2015). Investigating grit and its relations with college students’ self-regulated learning and academic achievement. Metacognition and Learning, 10, 293–311.
Yeager, D. S., & Dweck, C. S. (2020). What can be learned from growth mindset controversies?. American Psychologist, 75(9), 1269.
Yeager, D. S., & Dweck, C. S. (2012). Mindsets that promote resilience: When students believe that personal characteristics can be developed. Educational Psychologist, 47(4), 302–314. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2012.722805
Yousefi, M., & Mahmoodi, M. H. (2022). The L2 motivational self‐system: A meta‐analysis approach. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 32(2), 274–294. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijal.12416
Zarrinabadi, N., Rezazadeh, M., Karimi, M., & Lou, N. M. (2022). Why do growth mindsets make you feel better about learning and your selves? The mediating role of adaptability. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 16(3), 249–264. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2021.1962888
Zeng, G., Hou, H., & Peng, K. (2016). Effect of growth mindset on school engagement and psychological well-being of Chinese primary and middle school students: The mediating role of resilience. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1873. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01873
Zhang, M. (2021). EFL/ESL teacher’s resilience, academic buoyancy, care, and their impact on students’ engagement: a theoretical review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 731859. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.731859
Zhang, X., Dai, S., & Ardasheva, Y. (2020). Contributions of (de) motivation, engagement, and anxiety to English listening and speaking. Learning and Individual Differences, 79, 101856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2020.101856
Zhang, L. J., Saeedian, A., & Fathi, J. (2022). Testing a model of growth mindset, ideal L2 self, boredom, and WTC in an EFL context. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2022.2100893
Zhao, H., Xiong, J., Zhang, Z., & Qi, C. (2021). Growth mindset and college students’ learning engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic: A serial mediation model. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 621094. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621094
Zhou, S. A., Hiver, P., & Al-Hoorie, A. H. (2023). Dynamic engagement: A longitudinal dual-process, reciprocal-effects model of teacher motivational practice and L2 student engagement. Language Teaching Research, 13621688231158789. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688231158789
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:
- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación del trabajo al igual que licenciado bajo una Creative Commons Attribution License que permite a otros compartir el trabajo con un reconocimiento de la autoría del trabajo y la publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).