An International Comparison of Discipline Integration of the Commercial Contract Cheating Industry

Authors

  • Thomas Lancaster Imperial College London, United Kingdom https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1534-7547
  • Morkus Salasevicius Imperial College London, United Kingdom

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30827/relieve.v29i2.29227

Keywords:

contract cheating, essay mills, academic integrity

Abstract

Commercial contract cheating, the act of requesting a third party to complete an assignment for payment, is a growing industry and poses a problem that academic institutions are trying to tackle internationally. The reach of the industry in nine fields of education and across four locations – Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States – are analysed through an automated data-gathering process on a total of 4032 Google searches and with the help of a machine learning model trained to identify which results are essay mills. 49% of all results are found to be essay mills, 3247 of which results are found to be paid advertisements despite this being against Google’s advertising policies. The fields of Arts and Humanities and Education are found to be at the highest risk of further exploitation by the industry. The paper concludes by recommending that the educational community continues to monitor the reach of the contract cheating industry and that it considers solutions to further promote academic integrity.

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Author Biographies

Thomas Lancaster, Imperial College London, United Kingdom

El Dr. Thomas Lancaster es un experto en informática y un investigador en integridad académica en el Imperial College London, Reino Unido. Ha ocupado roles de gestión, incluyendo el de Decano Asociado en la Universidad de Staffordshire. Su enseñanza se centra en matemáticas, informática y educación en computación, abarcando áreas como programación, matemáticas aplicadas e Interacción Humano-Computadora. Su trabajo está orientado hacia la aplicación práctica, beneficiando a docentes y profesores. Es reconocido a nivel mundial por sus contribuciones en el campo, impartiendo conferencias invitadas y capacitaciones en diversas instituciones alrededor del mundo. (email: thomas@thomaslancaster.co.uk

Morkus Salasevicius, Imperial College London, United Kingdom

Morkus Salasevicius es un Ingeniero de Software con gran interés en el sector financiero. Actualmente, su trayectoria profesional destaca por el hecho que se focaliza en el estudio, diseño y desarrollo de tecnologías financieras de vanguardia, específicamente blockchain y finanzas descentralizadas (DeFi). La trayectoria profesional de Salasevicius refleja una combinación de experiencia tecnológica y un profundo interés en el paisaje en evolución de la tecnología financiera. (email: morkus.salasevicius19@imperial.ac.uk) 

References

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Ellis, C., Zucker, I., & Randall, D. (2018). The Infernal Business of Contract Cheating: Understanding the Business Processes and Models of Academic Custom Writing Sites. International Journal for Educational Integrity. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40979-017-0024-3

Lancaster, T. (2016). Are All of Our Students Completing Their Own Work? Examining Contract Cheating Within the Computing Discipline. https://www.slideshare.net/ThomasLancaster/are-all-of-our-students-completing-their-own-work-examining-contract-cheating-within-the-computing-discipline-london-metropolitan-university-120216

Lancaster, T. (2019). Social Media Enabled Contract Cheating. Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity 2, 7-24. https://doi.org/10.11575/cpai.v2i2.68053

Lancaster, T. (2020). Academic Discipline Integration by Contract Cheating Services and Essay Mills. Journal of Academic Ethics 18, 115–127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-019-09357-x

Lancaster, T., & Clarke., R. (2016). Contract Cheating: The Outsourcing of Assessed Student Work. Handbook of Academic Integrity, 639-654. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-098-8_17

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Published

2023-12-11

How to Cite

Lancaster, T., & Salasevicius, M. (2023). An International Comparison of Discipline Integration of the Commercial Contract Cheating Industry. RELIEVE – Electronic Journal of Educational Research and Evaluation, 29(2). https://doi.org/10.30827/relieve.v29i2.29227