La resiliencia del personal directivo de centros educativos: revisión sistemática de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30827/profesorado.v28i2.29651Palabras clave:
centro de enseñanza, resiliencia, director del centro, investigación sobre literatura científicaResumen
La resiliencia es la capacidad de encajar y superar circunstancias adversas para madurar y crecer. Los/as directores/as de centros educativos, debido a las múltiples tensiones en las que se ven envueltos a diario, adquieren habilidades resilientes en el plano profesional. En este artículo se presenta una revisión sistemática de la literatura siguiendo el método PRISMA sobre la resiliencia en los/as directores/as de centros educativos realizada a partir de la revisión de 22 artículos. Se ha analizado 13 variables agrupadas en 7 dimensiones. Los resultados muestran un predominio de estudios realizados desde la Psicología, cuantitativamente y mediante cuestionarios. Predominan los estudios realizados en el ámbito formal, especialmente en las etapas escolares. Se identifican variables de influencia positiva como el humor y disponer de redes de apoyo y variables de influencia negativa como la frustración, la ansiedad, el estrés y la tensión. También se han registrado buenas prácticas tales como los programas y prácticas que fomentan la resiliencia entre directores/as, a través del coaching, mindfulness y el desarrollo de las habilidades sociales, capacidades emocionales y mecanismos de afrontamiento. Es posible concluir que la resiliencia directiva es un reto de relevancia que está cobrando importancia en la investigación internacional reciente. Se aportan claves para el diseño y desarrollo de futuras investigaciones en este ámbito.
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