Compensatory education. Early learning, later success (II: Carolina Abecedarian Project)

Abstract

This is a review study which analyzes research that evaluates the long term effects of an early education program, the Abecedarian Project. The Abecedarian Project (ABC) is a preventive compensatory education program for children from 0 to 5 years of high risk mothers. The experimental group (E) received an intensive preschool treatment, while the control (C) group did not. At five years old, each group was divided into another two groups: Two of these new groups (EE and CE) received intensive schooling until the children reached 8 years old, while the other groups (EC and CC) received no special treatment. The total sample was measured until each child reached 21 years. The results were as follows: The young adults, treated in the preschool years, had on average significantly higher cognitive test scores, earned higher scores on reading and math tests; they completed more years of education, they were more likely to attend a 4-year college or university, and they were less likely to become teen parents. Furthermore, the mothers of these students were more likely to reach a higher level of instruction and employment. Finally, the article discusses the validity of the study and the factors associated to the benefits (the early beginning, intensity and continuity of the program).