Motivação e desempenho académico na adolescência: uma revisão sistemática meta-analítica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30827/relieve.v29i1.25110Palavras-chave:
motivación, rendimiento académico, educación secundaria, sexo, edadResumo
A adolescência é um período da vida humana em que se verifica um declínio do interesse e da motivação face aos aspetos académicos e em que a imaturidade do estudante pode levar a complicações nas atividades de aprendizagem. Esta meta-análise estuda a relação entre a motivação e o desempenho académico, bem como as variáveis que a podem afetar, tais como o sexo e a idade. Inclui 48 bases de dados selecionadas a partir da aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão em torno de temas-chave como a temporalidade (2012-2021), estatística clara, amostra centrada na adolescência e desempenho académico medido por testes standard. As etapas utilizadas para a elegibilidade dos estudos incluídos basearam-se numa revisão manual por pares sobre os títulos, os abstracts e, por fim, numa etapa final de revisão dos manuscritos de forma exaustiva, obtendo uma amostra total de 144 012 participantes com uma idade média de 14,65 anos. Os resultados revelam um tamanho do efeito significativo positivo moderado entre motivação e desempenho académico (r =0,327; p<0,001), não encontrando diferenças significativas nas variáveis moderadoras de sexo e idade. Conclui-se, portanto, que a motivação é um ótimo preditor do sucesso académico sem encontrar um efeito moderador, nas variáveis estudadas, para esta fase da vida concreta. Isto tem implicações práticas a nível pedagógico suscetíveis de implementar intervenções de caráter motivacional na sala de aula dos adolescentes que melhorem o desempenho académico.
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