Transición a la vida adulta de jóvenes tutelados en el sistema de protección. Una revisión sistemática (2015-2021)

Abstract

Spain is one of the countries with the most belated emancipation of young people in Europe, with the average age of leaving home standing at 29.8 years in 2020. Transitions to independent living are increasingly reversible and fragmented, since, in situations of need, young people choose to return with their family of origin. In contrast to these prolonged and intermittent processes of youth in general, young people leaving the protection system have to face their independence, in most cases at the age of 18, in a short and risky way. The aim of this paper is to identify the characteristics of the transition process to adulthood experienced by young people in residential care, through an exploratory systematic review. The results show how, in general, these young people in residential care have difficulties in all spheres of their lives: education, employment, housing, interrelationships... so that a regulatory framework that better regulates their transitions would be desirable, as well more research on the effectiveness of existing programmes for transition to adulthood.