Amaya de Navarro Villoslada en el siglo XX: avatares de una narración antijudaica
Abstract
En este artículo se analizan dos adaptaciones modernas de la novela histórica Amaya o los vascos en el siglo VIII (1877-1879) del escritor católico Francisco Navarro Villoslada, donde la pérdida de España en el año 711 es el resultado de un complot judaico. La película de Luis Marquina (1952) simplifica las implicaciones teológicas del complejo argumento de la novela, a favor de una brutal estigmatización del pueblo hebreo, favorecida probablemente por las tensas relaciones entre España e Israel a comienzos de los años 50. Al contrario, el cómic de Rafael Ramos, publicado en 1981, elimina casi por completo las referencias estructurales al tema de la conjura, del que quedan pocas alusiones descontextualizadas. Por último, se pone de relieve cómo dos libelos antisemitas, Los judíos a través de los siglos (1939) y Complot contra la Iglesia (1962), incorporan algunos elementos ficcionales de Amaya elevándolos a verdades
históricas.
This paper analyses two modern adaptations of the historical novel Amaya o los vascos en el siglo
VIII,
published by the Catholic writer Francisco Navarro Villoslada between 1877 and 1879, in which the
711 loss of Spain is the result of a Jewish conspiracy. Luis Marquina's movie (1952) simplifies the
theological implications of the original plot in favour of a brutal stigmatization of the Israelites, possibly
facilitated by the tense relationship between Spain and Israel in the early '50's. On the contrary, Rafael
Ramos' 1981 graphic novel almost completely discards the structural references to the conspiracy theme,
leaving only a few decontextualized allusions. Finally, the paper highlights how two anti-Semitic libels, Los
judíos a través de los siglos (1939) and The Plot against the Church (1962), subsume some of Amaya fictional
elements promoting them to historical truths.
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