Análisis combinado del clima académico y el ABP: Influencia en el engagement universitario
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30827/relieve.v31i1.31967Palabras clave:
ABP, clima, engagement, docencia universitariaResumen
El presente trabajo explora la influencia de dos variables contextuales, el clima académico y la metodología activa Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas, en el engagement de los estudiantes universitarios, tomando este último como indicador de la eficacia docente. Además, se analizó el efecto del ABP en función de la implicación de la institución con la metodología. Secundariamente, también se examinó el efecto de dos variables individuales, el género y la nota de acceso a la universidad, en el engagement. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo transversal con 1376 estudiantes universitarios que completaron un cuestionario sobre engagement y otro sobre clima académico. El cuestionario incluía datos sociodemográficos y recogía información sobre el uso del ABP en la asignatura o el plan de estudios. Se aplicaron análisis ANOVA, modelos de regresión y análisis de moderación para estudiar la relación entre variables. Los resultados muestran que el clima del aula es un factor determinante del engagement y que, a su vez, la metodología ABP solo potencia el engagement cuando existe un clima favorable. Además, se observó que las mujeres presentan niveles más altos de engagement que los hombres, mientras que la nota de acceso no parece tener un impacto significativo. El estudio concluye que el clima académico es fundamental para promover el engagement, especialmente cuando se implementan metodologías activas como el ABP. El buen clima del aula potencia el efecto del ABP sobre el engagement, y pone de relieve la necesidad de un entorno positivo para maximizar la efectividad de esta metodología docente.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Ana Amadó Codony, Miquel Alsina Tarrés, Fernando Senar Morera, Esther Llop Escorihuela, Marta Verdaguer Planas, Joaquim Comas Matas, María Jesús Gutiérrez del Moral, David Ballester-Ferrando, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda Layret, Carles Rostan Sánchez, Maria Rosa Terradellas Piferrer, Helena Benito Mundet
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