LA PERSONALIDAD MULTICULTURAL Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA EDUCACIÓN EN EL EXTRANJERO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30827/modulema.v2i0.8299Palabras clave:
Multiculturalismo, comunicación intercultural, educación internacional, competencia intercultural, diversidad culturalResumen
En el mundo global, donde la diversidad cultural está más presente cada día, surge un creciente interés por estudiar en profundidad la competencia intercultural, imprescindible para vivir y trabajar en contextos internacionales o multiculturales. Sin embargo, las características o habilidades que debe tener una persona interculturalmente competente no están todavía claramente definidas. El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir a esclarecer la relación entre personalidad multicultural y educación teniendo en cuenta la experiencia concreta de la participación en un programa de estudio en el extranjero. La personalidad multicultural engloba una serie de rasgos de personalidad específicos, que favorecen o dificultan el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural que, a su vez, facilita el entendimiento en entornos culturalmente diversos. Para explorar esta cuestión se ha llevado a cabo una investigación empírica con estudiantes universitarios comparando a aquellos que estaban participando o habían participado en un programa universitario en el extranjero con los que carecían de dicha experiencia. El resultado muestra que los participantes con experiencia de estudios en el extranjero tenían niveles significativamente más altos en tres de los cinco rasgos de personalidad multicultural: empatía cultural, apertura mental e iniciativa social. Este resultado nos permite sugerir que estos tres rasgos de personalidad multicultural son susceptibles de ser transformados a través de la experiencia internacional; lo que tiene importantes implicaciones tanto para la teoría como para la práctica en materia de recursos humanos y de educación internacional.
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