Antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of Jatropha gossypifolia L.
Keywords:
Cytotoxicity, Jatropha gossypifolia L., Leishmania, LeishmaniasisAbstract
Introduction: Aqueous extracts of the leaves of Jatropha gossypifolia L. are traditionally used in the treatment of leishmaniasis. These extracts do not have conclusive reports related to their effectiveness and their cytotoxicity although in recent studies the utility of the plant in the treatment of leishmaniasis using other solvents has been supported.
Method: The antileishmanial activity and the cytotoxicity of the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves of Jatropha gossypifolia L. were determined using the resazurine fluorescence method. Both, promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis and peritoneal macrophages of Balb/c mouse were studied.
Results: The half-maximal inhibitory concentration for the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract was 0.28 µg/mL ± 0.15 µg/mL (n=3) and 0.59 µg/mL ± 0.26 µg/mL (n=3) respectively, although they did not show parasiticide activity at any of the evaluated concentrations. Similarly, the mean cytotoxic concentrations obtained were 0.91 µg/mL ± 0.11 µg/mL (n=3) and 0.57 µg/mL ± 0.12 µg/ml (n=3).
Conclusions: The aqueous extract was more effective and less cytotoxic against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes. The results obtained support the traditional use of the extracts by topical application in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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