Mindfulness, um caminho para a felicidade em alunos: um ensaio sobre a autopercepção de estudantes brasileiros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30827/dreh.22.2024.29784Resumen
O estudo examinou o impacto do Mindfulness na autopercepção de felicidade entre jovens do ensino médio em uma escola pública do nordeste brasileiro. O objetivo consistiu em avaliar como o Mindfulness influencia a autopercepção de felicidade e atenção em jovens estudantes do ensino médio. Realizou-se um questionário para identificar o perfil dos alunos e sua autopercepção abordando atenção e felicidade em escalas com o total de 47 estudantes. Subsequentemente, uma randomização formou o Grupo Controle e Grupo Experimental onde este passou por 8 encontros seguindo o protocolo de Redução do Estresse Baseada em Mindfulness (MBSR) ao término as escalas foram refeitas. Os resultados, analisados por testes Shapiro-Wilk, Levene e ANOVA Two-way revelou-se melhorias substanciais na autopercepção de felicidade e atenção dos estudantes com a prática de Mindfulness. Assim, conclui-se que essa abordagem é eficaz em ampliar a percepção de felicidade e atenção, proporcionando uma melhoria no estado geral da amostra.
Descargas
Citas
Argyle, M. (2001). The Psychology of Happiness. London (UK): Routledge.
Assagioli, R.; Anglada, V. B. (2013). The spiritual significance of silence: Two writings. The Esoteric Quarterly, 9(1), 77-84. https://www.esotericquarterly.com/issues/EQ09/EQ0901/EQ090113-Assagioli-Anglada.pdf
Baminiwatta, A.; Solangaarachchi, I. (2021). Trends and Developments in Mindfulness Research over 55 Years. A Bibliometric Analysis of Publications Indexed in Web of Science. Mindfulness, 12(9), 2099–2116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01681-x.
Beddoe, A. E.; Murphy, S. O. (2014). Does mindfulness decrease stress and foster empathy among nursing students? Journal of Nursing Education, 43(7), 305-312. DOI: 10.3928/01484834-20040701-07
Brasil (2018). Ministério da Saúde. Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde. https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/glossario_tematico_praticas_integrativas_complementares.pdf.
Brasil (2019). Lei 13.935 de 11 de dezembro de 2019, Presidência da República. http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2019/lei/L13935
Brown, K. W.; Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822-848. https://www.habitualroots.com/uploads/1/2/1/3/121341739/benefitsofbeingpresent_1.pdf
Cantril, H. (1965). The Pattern of Human Concerns. Universidade de Michigan (USA): Rutgers University Press.
Chiesa, A.; Calati, R.; Serretti, A. (2011). Does mindfulness training improve cognitive habilities A systematic review of neuropsychological findings. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(3), 449-464. https://www.onebreath.eu/s/Chiesa-Mindfulness-Cognitive-Abilities.pdf
Davidson, R. J.; Kabat-Zinn, J.; Schumacher, J.; Rosenkranz, M.; Muller, D.; Santorelli, S. F.; ... & Sheridan, J. F. (2003). Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosomatic Medicine: Journal of Biobehavioral Medicine, 65(4), 564-570. http://www.drmccall.com/uploads/2/2/6/5/22658464/alterations_in_brain_and_immune_function_produced_by_mindfulness_meditation.pdf
Diener, E.; Emmons, R. A.; Larsen, R. J.; Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75. https://emmons.faculty.ucdavis.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/90/2015/08/1985_5-SWLS.pdf
Fredrickson, B. L.; Cohn, M. A.; Coffey, K. A.; Pek, J.; Finkel, S. M. (2008). Open hearts build lives: positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(5), 1045-1062. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3156028/?fbclid=IwAR0hh5CXWk773xjteFjKsprQ26EGWOOVyxzvWaQ1ByIGO_ta9z6zFYsSQKI.
Gil, A. C. (2008). Como elaborar projetos de pesquisa (4.ª ed.). São Paulo (Brasil): Atlas.
Goldin, P. R.; Gross, J. J. (2010). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder. Emotion, 10(1), 83-91. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4203918/?ref=gini-health-blog-gene-stories-nutrition-and-personalized-supplements
González-Valero, G.; Zurita-Ortega, F.; Ubago-Jiménez, J. L.; Puertas-Molero, P. (2019). Use of Meditation and Cognitive Behavioral Therapies for the Treatment of Stress, Depression and Anxiety in Students. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. In. Environ, J., Res. Public Health 2019, 16(22), 4394. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224394
Grossman, P.; Niemann, L.; Schmidt, S.; Walach H. (2004). Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits: A meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57(1), 35-43. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK70854/
Hayes, S. C. (2016). Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame theory, and the third wave of behavioral and cognitive therapies. Behavior Therapy, 47(6), 869-885. DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2016.11.006
Hofmann, S. G.; Sawyer, A. T.; Witt, A. A.; Oh, D. (2010). The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78(2), 169-183. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2848393/?fd=5114520117407665|5413834141800180&lp=/anxiety-can-affect-love-life
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain and illness. New York (USA): Dell Publishing. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-020-00468-6
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Wherever you go there you are: Mindfulness meditation in everyday life. New York (USA): Hyperion. http://psychoanalysis.by/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/070.pdf
Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Context: Past, Present and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10(2), 144-156. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1093/clipsy.bpg016
Keng S. L.; Smoski, M. J.; Robins, C. J. (2011). Effects of mindfulness on psychological health. A review of empirical studies. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(6), 1041-1056. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3679190/?trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card-text
Lazar, S. W. (2016). A neurobiologia de mindfulness. In Germer, C. K.; Siegel, R. D.; Fulton, P. R. (Orgs.), Mindfulness e psicoterapia (pp. 290-303). Porto Alegre – R. S. (Brasil): Artmed.
Levene, H. (1960). Robust tests for equality of variances. In Olkin, I.; Hotelling, H., Contributions to Probability and Statistics: Essays in Honor of Harold Hotelling (pp. 278–292). Stanford - CA (USA): Stanford University Press.
Lutz, A.; Slagter, H. A.; Dunne, J. D.; Davidson, R. J. (2008). Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12(4),163-169. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2693206/?_escaped_fragment_=po=3.57143/
Lyubomirsky, S.; Lepper, H. S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46, 137-155. https://escholarship.org/content/qt2185n8gb/qt2185n8gb.pdf
Lyubomirsky, S.; King, L.; Diener, E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological Bulletin, 131(6), 803-855. https://escholarship.org/content/qt1k08m32k/qt1k08m32k.pdf
Meiklejohn, J.; Phillips, C.; Freedman, M. L.; Griffin, M. L.; Biegel G.; Roach A.; Saltzman A. (2012). Integrating mindfulness training into K-12 education: Fostering the resilience of teachers and students. Mindfulness, 3(4), 291-307. http://greatergood.berkeley.edu/images/uploads/Integrating_Mindfulness_Training_Into_K-12_Education.pdf
Murphy, S.; Donma, A. J.; Kohut, S. A.; Weisbaum, E.; Chan, J. H.; Plenert, E.; Tomlinson, D. (2022). Mindfulness Practices for Children and Adolescents Receiving Cancer Therapies. Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology nursing, 39(1), 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1177/27527530211056514.
Reppold, C. T.; Zanini, D. S.; Campos, D. C.; de Gomes Faria, M. R. V.; Tocchetto, B. S. (2019). Felicidade como produto: Um olhar crítico sobre a ciência da psicologia positiva. Avaliação Psicológica: Interamerican Journal of Psychological Assessment, 18(4), 333-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.15689/ap.2019.1804.18777.01
Segal, Z. V.; Williams, J. M. G.; Teasdale, J. D. (2013). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York (USA): Guilford Press. https://books.google.pt/books?hl=pt-PT&lr=&id=QHRVDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&ots=EWxl3yRtm5&sig=tUBsWfBpscytFJlYzNXGCMCK0nE&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
Semple, R. J.; Lee, J.; Miller, L. F. (2010). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children: Results of a pilot study. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 24(4), 437-454. https://connect.springerpub.com/content/sgrjcp%3A%3A%3A22%3A%3A%3A1%3A%3A%3A15.full.pdf.
Shapiro, S.; Jazaieri, H.; Goldin, P. (2012). Mindfulness-based stress reduction effects on moral reasoning and decision making. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 7(6), 504-515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2012.723732
Shapiro, S. L.; Schwartz, G. E.; Bonner, G. (1998). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on medical and premedical students. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 21(6), 581-599. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1018700829825
Shapiro, S. L.; Carlson, L. E. (2009). The art and science of mindfulness: Integrating mindfulness into psychology and the helping professions. Washington, D.C. (USA): American Psychological Association. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2009-08118-000?doi=1
Tang Y. Y.; Ma Y.; Wang J.; Fan Y.; Feng S.; Lu Q.; Yu Q.; Sui D.; Rothbart M. K.; Fan M.; Posner M. I. (2007). Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(43), 17152-17156. https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.0707678104
Watson, D.; Clark, L. A.; Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54(6), 1063-1070. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1988-31508-001
Zoogman, S.; Goldberg, S. B.; Hoyt, W. T.; Miller, L. (2014). Mindfulness interventions with youth: A meta-analysis. Mindfulness, 6(2), 290-302. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12671-013-0260-4