Riesgo cardiovascular: componentes, valoración e intervenciones preventivas
Palabras clave:
Riesgo cardiovascular, Factores de riesgo cardiovascular, Prevención primaria, Prevención secundariaResumen
Se realiza una revisión de los aspectos relacionados con los factores de riesgo, los métodos de valoración y lasintervenciones en prevención primaria y secundaria de las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV). Se pretende, desdela perspectiva farmacéutica, sistematizar conceptos para la fijación y el logro de los objetivos terapéuticos de lasintervenciones en pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Existen varios modelos propuestos para determinarel riesgo cardiovascular (RCV), el cual es un concepto que indica la probabilidad a 10 años de padecer una delas formas de la ECV y permite estratificar a la población en grupos de riesgo, facilitando la optimización ypriorización de las intervenciones. En España existen modelos de valoración vigentes que no recogen los avances yel acercamiento a las características de su población. Los estudios realizados evidencian la importancia y el impactopositivo de las intervenciones terapéuticas preventivas sobre las ECV, al igual que algunas dificultades en la consecuciónde los objetivos perseguidos. La participación del farmacéutico en el control de los pacientes con factoresde riesgo o con ECV es necesaria y puede generar beneficios para la salud, en especial con su contribución a laestructuración de programas tendientes a que la población general adopte hábitos y estilo de vida saludables y a lautilización eficaz y segura de las intervenciones terapéuticas.Descargas
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