معنى الدولة في الفكر العربي المعاصر، عزمي بشارة نموذجا: El significado del Estado en el pensamiento árabe contemporáneo, ‘Azmī Bišāra como modelo

Abstract

This article represents an attempt to study the meaning of the State, as a sign, in contemporary Arab thought, taking the works of the Arab thinker Azmi Bishara as a model for carrying out this study, in which the most relevant titles that represented the reality of the contemporary Arab state. To explain this concept, the researcher classifies the State in Bishara into two opposing types: The State / Democracy and The State / Sectarianism. Within these two types, other binary oppositions derived from the first are studied, such as: The State / Religion, The State / Society, The State / The Citizen. Likewise, throughout this study, the researcher compares, with an analytical method, Bishara's vision with that of other Arab thinkers, with the aim of showing the importance of this “vision” to explain the “case” that the State Arab is experimenting in the current circumstances. Finally, the researcher concludes that the meaning of the State in thought is a deductive meaning that represents the “case” of the Arab State and expresses its crisis; but in the manner of a thinker whose speech combines politics, philosophy, and history.