Territorial and temporal analysis of electrical consumption in the residential sector of Argentina (1995-2014)
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Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the argentinean residential electricity consumption with the objective of understanding: (i) the interaction between climatic and socio-demographic variables in the determination of the residential electricity consumption of the different regions of the country; (ii) the interaction between these variables and household equipment in the determination of residential electricity demand in the different provinces of the country; (iii) the relationship between the demand per user trajectory and the evolution of the home appliances at the national level (1995-2014); and (iv) the relationship between the trajectory of demand per user, the real wage and subsidies in the last decades using as a case study the city of La Plata (1995-2014).
For this purpose, thematic cartography, climate and energy databases, the National Census and the National Survey of Household Expenditures (ENGHo) are used to characterize municipalities and provinces, to collect information from previous years, to construct equipment indicators and to analyze historical series.
It is observed that the greatest demands are observed in warm regions, justified by the use of HVAC systems. The historical growth of demand at the national level shows a practically linear evolution, justified by the incorporation and the replacement of equipment. Likewise, the evolution of consumption per user does not demonstrate direct relations with tariff changes, subsidies or salaries.