Energy Efficiency and Freight Transport Vehicle Fleets for Agricultural Bulk Commodities in Argentine Ports
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Abstract
The article reconstructs and analyzes the composition of the fleet of heavy vehicles circulating through the ports and agro-industrial hubs of Argentina located in Gran Rosario, Paraná Inferior, Quequén, and Bahía Blanca. The fleet was characterized by estimating its age, types of cargo holds, energy efficiency technologies, and emissions control systems using the technique of non-participant direct observation. The results of this study reveal not only a disparity in the modernization of the fleets according to the port area but also the potential implications for their operational efficiency and environmental impact. The findings underscore the importance of a detailed assessment of local practices, which will assist other ports in developing targeted and effective interventions, optimizing transportation performance, and promoting sustainability on a global scale.