El resilvestramiento y el retorno de la fauna: enfoques, experiencias e implicaciones paisajística

Abstract

Rewilding, which focuses on conservation and the reintroduction of keystone species, is a strategy of ecological restoration that has acquired great importance in recent years. Different rewilding approaches have been proposed and a number of projects are being implemented in distinct regions of the world. Based on an extensive literature review, this work identifies and analyses various rewilding strategies, proposals and experiences, as well as their landscape effects. Six approaches and their associated experiences have been identified. All of the proposals, except passive rewilding, focus on the recovery of different species of ecosystem engineer: large carnivores, Pleistocene species, seed dispersal agents on islands and large herbivores extinct since pre-modern times. It is expected that rewilding and its associated wildlife recovery will produce ecological, socioeconomic and perceptual landscape changes. The scope of this movement and its known and foreseeable territorial effects, justifies the need for greater attention from the field of geography.