Spatial analysis and estimation of the hydric susceptibility in hydrographical basins of plains (Argentina)
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Abstract
Rainfall extreme events occurrence impacts the hydrographical basins by flooding, soil humidity variation and creeks and river overflows. In the study area, the alternate wet and dry periods is usual. For this reason, studies about the events effects are relevant for resources and land use management. The objective of this study was to estimate the hydrological susceptibility in two hydrological basins of Argentinean plains, by a multicriteria evaluation which includes the analysis and weighing of climatological, physiographic, edaphic, and hydrological variables. The data processing was done within a GIS (Geographic Information System) and from database information, previously published, and available (i.e.: HydroBASINS and HydroLAKES databases [Lehner y Grill, 2013]), in a raster and vector format. As a result, the hydrological susceptibility category with the highest representativity was low (83 % y 52,9 % in Napostá Chico y Chasicó basins, respectively) and moderately low in both cases (14,3 % y 43,8 % in Napostá Chico y Chasicó basins, respectively). From the analyzed variables, by the consistency matrix elaboration, there was determined that the highly weighted variables were the paleochannels development and the geomorphological features.