Análisis de la distribución espaciotemporal de la conservación de nutrientes en suelos agrícolas de un sector de la Región Pampeana Argentina

Abstract

The agricultural soils of the Argentinean Pampean Region (RPArg) have exhibited nutritional imbalances and low crop diversity (DC) due to the predominance of monocultures and low fertilization. The purpose of the study is to understand the relationship between nutrient conservation and agriculture in the Southern Pampas (PA), one of the most important agro-productive regions of the RPArg. The objectives are: a) to analyse the spatial and temporal distribution (1989-90, 2002-03 and 2019-20) of the balances of N, P, K and S in agricultural soils of the PA; and b) to design and apply a Nutrient Conservation Index (ICN), as an indicator of the sustainability of agroecosystems, considering nutrient balances and DC. Methodologically, previous information were used, interviews were developed and a geographical information system was used to map and analyse the distribution of the results. Within the PA, the ICN increased over time, as a result of improvements in fertilization from the second campaign onwards, and the increase in DC in the last campaign. The prevalence of nutritional imbalances and the need to strengthen the DC, motivate to deepen the study to contribute to the development of strategies to achieve a sustainable agriculture.