Escorrentía y erosión a lo largo de un gradiente climático-altitudinal efecto por el pastoreo en el desierto de Judea

Abstract

The soils of the Judean Desert generate quick ponding and runoff (%), which is due to the low infiltration rates and runoff curves with high angle, reaching suddenly the maximum rates in front of simulated thunderstorms of 50,36 mm h-1 of intensity and 45 minutes of duration. It is prove that climate determine the soil characteristics and the behaviour of the geomorphological processes. Along the climatological gradient the infiltration rates decrease with the precipitation, meanwhile the runoff, the salinity of the runoff and the soil losses magnify. Moreover the climate, the land use determines clearly the soil response to the rain. Thus, the influence of the climate is alterated by the overgrazing, inasmuch this results in modifications of the floristic composition, vegetation cover and the surficial crust, and as a consequence in soil erosion.