Análisis de los eventos de precipitación que afectan la distribución de agua potable en el Gran Mendoza, Argentina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30827/cuadgeo.v61i2.23908Palabras clave:
flujos de derrubios, lluvias intensas, sedimentos, Andes, forzantes sinópticosResumen
En la cuenca del río Mendoza, la ocurrencia de eventos de precipitaciones intensas en los meses de verano provoca procesos de erosión severa, flujos de derrubios e inundaciones repentinas que modifican la turbiedad del río Mendoza. El exceso de sedimentos arrastrados durante la ocurrencia de estos eventos afecta el trabajo de las plantas potabilizadoras, ocasionando cortes en el abastecimiento de agua potable en el Gran Mendoza, la cuarta urbe más poblada de Argentina. A partir de esta problemática, este trabajo presenta una caracterización de los eventos de precipitación que afectan la distribución de agua potable en esta región, considerando 13 casos de estudio a lo largo del período 2013-2020. Se utilizaron estimaciones satelitales de alta resolución espacial para cuantificar las precipitaciones, las cuales se validaron con datos de seis estaciones meteorológicas a lo largo de la cuenca. En base al análisis de composiciones de un conjunto de variables meteorológicas se obtuvieron dos configuraciones sinópticas que favorecen la ocurrencia de precipitaciones intensas: un sistema de baja presión en altura frente a las costas de Chile y una anomalía térmica que genera convección aislada en los valles de la cuenca. Estos resultados podrían utilizarse para la generación de sistemas de alerta temprana que mejoren el manejo de los recursos hídricos.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Juan Antonio Rivera, Georgina Marianetti, Macarena Scaglione
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