ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION AND GEOMAGNETIC SURVEY IN THE NORTHERN SECTOR OF THE COPPER AGE SETTLEMENT OF VALENCINA (SEVILLE). 2017 CAMPAIGN

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Published: Dec 31, 2020

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Authors

  • Alfredo Mederos Martin Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
  • Thomas X. Schuhmacher Instituto Arqueológico Alemán, c/ Serrano 159, E-28002 Madrid
  • Frank Falkenstein
  • Nils Ostermeier
  • Juan Manuel Vargas
Vol. 30 (2020), Archeological data, pages 307-350
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30827/cpag.v30i0.15867
Submitted: Sep 1, 2020 Published: Dec 31, 2020
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Abstract

In 2017, excavations of the Valencina Nord Project began in the northern sector of this large mega-site of ca. 200 ha during the Middle Chalcolithic. In the first campaign, geophysical survey at the NW sector, in direction of the Los Pozos ravine was prioritized, and it is possible to propose that three of the ditch systems identified in 2014 continue westward, the outermost with the ditches 5, 14, 6 and 7, a second system with ditches 11 and 12, and the third, which cuts these last two ditches, with a single ditch 10 of larger dimensions. On the other hand, it was documented that the settlement continues outside the outermost ditch 5 in sector 4 at Cerro del Mármol, and ascends northwards towards Cerro de la Cabeza in sector 5. The excavation focused on an area with multiple pit structures excavated in the ground according to geophysics, while grid 4 included part of the great ditch 10. The structures that have begun to be excavated in grid 3 and 4 show a good correlation with the geophysical data. A novel aspect is the identification of a first fragment of Bell Beaker pottery in the excavation of Cerro de la Cabeza and several Early Bronze Age ceramics that extend the Middle Chalcolithic phase detected in survey during 2014, supported by two radiocarbon dates in our excavations. These data suggest that the settlement, which probably reduced its dimensions during the Late Chalcolithic, had a minimum extension of 27 ha, and presents the largest Bell Beaker pottery set in the Iberian Peninsula, tripling in number of fragments to Zambujal.

Keywords:

Chalcolithic, Bell Beakers, Early Bronze Age, Guadalquivir Estuary, Ditched Enclosures, Geo-magnetic Survey

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Mederos Martin, A., Schuhmacher, T. X., Falkenstein, F., Ostermeier, N., & Vargas, J. M. (2020). ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION AND GEOMAGNETIC SURVEY IN THE NORTHERN SECTOR OF THE COPPER AGE SETTLEMENT OF VALENCINA (SEVILLE). 2017 CAMPAIGN. Cuadernos De Prehistoria Y Arqueología De La Universidad De Granada, 30, 307–350. https://doi.org/10.30827/cpag.v30i0.15867