Lexicalization of Russian Denominal Adverbs: a Diachronic and Cognitive Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30827/cre.v21.33629Palabras clave:
lexicalization, Russian adverbs, denominal adverbs, diachronic approach, cognitive approach, parts of speechResumen
This paper concerns with the lexicalization of Russian denominal adverbs from a diachronic and cognitive perspective. The author’s aim is to describe the process of development of these adverbs and to elucidate the mechanisms behind this process. Lexicalization, defined as the process by which grammatical or complex units evolve into lexical items, is examined in three types of cases: (1) the transformation of case forms into adverbs, (2) the conversion of prepositional phrases (PP) containing a noun into adverbs, and (3) the shift of noun phrases (NP) containing a pronoun into adverbs. Several criteria (morphological, syntactic, semantic, orthographic and orthoepic) are introduced to judge the completion of lexicalization. Drawing on Old Russian, Middle Russian, and Modern Russian data of the Russian National Corpus, this study discusses several typical cases of adverbs derived from nouns (from case forms to adverbs — верхом, домой; from PPs to adverbs — вовремя, насмерть; from NPs to adverbs — сегодня). We describe various stages of development of these adverbs, highlighting changes in their phonetic form, morphological characteristics, syntactic patterns and meanings, etc. The findings reveal that lexicalization involves both structural and semantic changes through cognitive mechanisms (chunking, reanalysis, frequency effects, metaphorization, metonymization, etc.), and it produces linguistic units exhibiting hybrid word-class features. By analyzing this process and its underlying mechanisms, the paper contributes to understanding the categorical properties of derived adverbs and provides material for further research on Russian adverbs and adverbialization.
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