Polypharmacy as a risk factor for depressive symptoms in geriatric patients: an observational, cross-sectional study

Leszek Spandel; Jadwiga Jośko-Ochojska; Agnieszka Batko-Szwaczka

doi:10.30827/ars.v57i3.5330

Autores/as

Leszek Spandel Chair and Department of Environmental Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Medicine with Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice
Jadwiga Jośko-Ochojska Chair and Department of Environmental Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Medicine with Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice
Agnieszka Batko-Szwaczka Department of Geriatrics, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30827/ars.v57i3.5330

Palabras clave:

adulto mayor, efectos adversos de la droga, salud mental, psiquiatría

Resumen

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es investigar la correlación entre la polifarmacia y los síntomas depresivos en adultos hospitalizados mayores de 65 años.

Pacientes y métodos: Se obtuvo la historia clínica y los datos actuales de tratamiento de las historias clínicas. Se utilizó la puntuación de la prueba Mental Abreviado (AMTS) para excluir a los pacientes con demencia. La Escala de Depresión Geriátrica (GDS) se utilizó para evaluar los síntomas depresivos. Se usaron coeficientes Pearson y Spearman para determinar la relación entre las variables.

Resultados: Se incluyó a un total de 206 individuos. El número medio de medicamentos tomados por los individuos fue de 6,9 ± 2,7 y la puntuación media GDS fue de 4,9 ± 3,4 puntos. Los síntomas de depresión (GDS puntuación> 5 puntos) se observaron en 68 (33,0%) individuos. La puntuación GDS de una correlación positiva con el número de medicamentos que se usaron (R = 0,74; P = 0,0001), el número de condiciones crónicas (R = 0,78; P = 0,001), y quejas de dolor (Z = 7,94; P = 0,0001). Se observó una asociación significativa entre la partitura GDS y el uso de los siguientes medicamentos: estatinas, agentes citostáticos, corticoesteroides, benzodiazepinas, glucósidos cardíacos, los fármacos no esteroides antiinflamatorios, relajantes musculares, medicamentos sin psicotrópicas con propiedades anticolinérgicas, y de acción central analgésicos (todos P <0,05).

Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio indica que la polifarmacia se correlaciona positivamente con la presencia de síntomas depresivos en pacientes geriátricos. Se identificó una serie de medicamentos asociados con una mayor prevalencia de síntomas depresivos; Sin embargo, estas relaciones requieren un examen más detenido.

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